Septic systems play a crucial role in managing wastewater in areas where a connection to a centralized sewer system is not feasible. However, some properties pose a unique challenge: they are located on land that does not perk, meaning the soil cannot adequately absorb or filter wastewater.
In such cases, alternative septic systems offer viable solutions to ensure effective and environmentally friendly wastewater management. In this article, we will explore alternative septic system options for land that won't perk, highlighting their benefits and considerations.
Understanding Perk Tests and Limitations
Before delving into alternative septic systems, it is important to understand the concept of perk tests. A perk test, or percolation test, assesses the soil's ability to absorb liquid and determines its permeability.
In traditional septic systems, a successful perk test is essential to ensure the efficient filtration and disposal of wastewater. However, on land that fails the perk test, alternative methods become necessary.
Alternative Septic Systems
Aerobic Treatment Units (ATUs): ATUs use oxygen to facilitate the breakdown of organic matter, enhancing the treatment process. These systems incorporate a tank where bacteria and other microorganisms break down solids more rapidly compared to conventional septic systems.
This advanced treatment process allows for cleaner effluent, which can then be further treated or discharged into a designated area.
Mound Systems: A mound system involves creating an elevated bed of specially engineered soil and sand above the existing ground. Wastewater is distributed over the mound, where it filters through the sand and soil layers, undergoing natural purification before reaching the groundwater. Mound systems require careful design, site preparation, and maintenance to ensure proper functioning.
Sand Filter Systems: Sand filter systems consist of a septic tank followed by a large bed of sand, often with an underdrain system. Wastewater from the septic tank is distributed evenly over the sand bed, which acts as a filter, removing impurities and contaminants.
This filtered effluent is then directed to an appropriate drainage area. Regular maintenance, including periodic sand replacement, is crucial for optimal performance.
Drip Irrigation Systems: Drip irrigation systems involve the controlled application of wastewater directly to the soil through a network of small-diameter pipes or emitters. The effluent is released at a slow rate, allowing for gradual absorption and natural treatment.
These systems can be effective for challenging soils or areas with limited space, but careful monitoring and maintenance are essential to prevent clogging.
Considerations and Regulations
While alternative septic systems provide solutions for land that won't perk, it is important to consider various factors and adhere to local regulations:
Site Evaluation: A thorough evaluation of the property is necessary to determine the suitability of alternative systems. Factors such as soil composition, site topography, proximity to water sources, and local regulations must be considered.
Professional Design and Installation: Alternative septic systems require specialized design and installation by experienced professionals familiar with local regulations. It is crucial to engage experts to ensure proper system sizing, placement, and functionality.
Ongoing Maintenance: Regular maintenance and monitoring are essential to the longevity and optimal performance of alternative systems. This includes inspections, periodic pumping, filter replacement, and adherence to recommended usage practices.
Permitting and Regulations: Different regions have specific regulations governing alternative septic systems. It is important to consult local health departments or regulatory bodies to obtain the necessary permits and ensure compliance with all requirements.
Conclusion
Land that won't perk presents a challenge for traditional septic systems, but alternative septic systems offer practical solutions for effective wastewater management. Aerobic treatment units, mound systems, sand filters, and drip irrigation systems are among the viable alternatives that can help overcome the limitations of challenging soils.
By understanding the available options, considering site-specific factors, and complying with local regulations, property owners can find sustainable solutions that protect both their environment and community health.
